Your in-depth digestive health guide will be in your inbox shortly. You will also receive emails from Mayo Clinic on the latest health news, research, and care. The virus is passed from person to person through blood, semen or other body fluids. It does not spread by sneezing or coughing. The younger you are when you get hepatitis B — particularly newborns or children younger than 5 — the higher your risk of the infection becoming chronic.
Chronic infection may go undetected for decades until a person becomes seriously ill from liver disease. Hepatitis B spreads through contact with blood, semen or other body fluids from an infected person. Your risk of hepatitis B infection increases if you:. Having a chronic HBV infection can lead to serious complications, such as:. The hepatitis B vaccine is typically given as three or four injections over six months. You can't get hepatitis B from the vaccine.
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This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Email address. What should be done if hepatitis B vaccine series was not completed? Who should not receive the hepatitis B vaccine? What is a booster dose, and do I need one? Is there a vaccine that will protect me from both hepatitis A and hepatitis B? Can I get the hepatitis B vaccine at the same time as other vaccines? Where can I get the hepatitis B vaccine? Does acute hepatitis B cause symptoms?
What are the symptoms of acute short-term hepatitis B? How soon after exposure to the hepatitis B virus will symptoms appear, and how long do they last? Can a person spread hepatitis B without having symptoms? What are the symptoms of chronic hepatitis B? How serious is chronic long-term hepatitis B? How do I know if I have hepatitis B? What should I do after learning that I have hepatitis B? How is acute short-term hepatitis B treated?
How is chronic hepatitis B treated? What can people with chronic hepatitis B do to take care of their liver? Pregnant Women and their Newborns. Are pregnant women tested for hepatitis B? If a pregnant woman has hepatitis B, is there a way to prevent her baby from getting hepatitis B? Why is the hepatitis B vaccine recommended for all babies? Hepatitis B Overview What is hepatitis? An estimated million people are living with hepatitis B worldwide. Hepatitis B Transmission How is hepatitis B spread?
Unlike hepatitis A, hepatitis B is not usually spread through food or water. Although anyone can get hepatitis B, these people are at greater risk: Infants born to infected mothers People who inject drugs or share needles, syringes, and other types of drug equipment Sex partners of people with hepatitis B Men who have sex with men People who live with someone who has hepatitis B Health-care and public-safety workers exposed to blood on the job Hemodialysis patients Who should be tested for hepatitis B?
CDC recommends hepatitis B testing for: People born in certain countries where hepatitis B is common People born in the United States not vaccinated as infants whose parents were born in countries with high rates of hepatitis B Men who have sex with men People who inject drugs People with HIV Household and sexual contacts of people with hepatitis B People requiring immunosuppressive therapy People with end-stage renal disease including hemodialysis patients People with hepatitis C People with elevated ALT levels Pregnant women Infants born to HBV-infected mothers What should I do if I think I have been exposed to the hepatitis B virus?
Prevention through Vaccination Can hepatitis B be prevented? Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for: All infants All children and adolescents younger than 19 years of age who have not been vaccinated People at risk for infection by sexual exposure People whose sex partners have hepatitis B Sexually active people who are not in a long-term, mutually monogamous relationship for example, people with more than one sex partner in the past 6 months People seeking evaluation or treatment for a sexually transmitted infection Men who have sex with men People at risk for infection by exposure to blood People who inject drugs People who live with someone who has hepatitis B People who live or work in facilities for people with developmental disabilities Health-care and public-safety workers at risk for exposure to blood or blood-contaminated body fluids on the job People who receive hemodialysis People with diabetes who are 19—59 years of age people with diabetes who are age 60 or older should ask their health care professional.
International travelers to countries where hepatitis B is common People with hepatitis C virus infection People with chronic liver disease People with HIV infection People who are in jail or prison All other people seeking protection from hepatitis B virus infection Is the hepatitis B vaccine recommended before international travel? No, getting extra doses of hepatitis B vaccine is not harmful.
Symptoms Does acute short-term hepatitis B cause symptoms? Symptoms of acute hepatitis B can include: Fever Fatigue Loss of appetite Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Dark urine Clay-colored bowel movements Joint pain Jaundice yellow color in the skin or the eyes How soon after exposure to the hepatitis B virus will symptoms appear, and how long do they last?
What are the symptoms of chronic long-term hepatitis B? Tests How do I know if I have hepatitis B? Depending on the test, they can determine whether you have chronic or acute hepatitis B; are immune to hepatitis B after vaccination; or were infected in the past, have cleared the virus from your body, and are protected from future infection. Treatment How is acute short-term hepatitis B treated? People recently diagnosed with hepatitis B should get vaccinated against hepatitis A and tested for hepatitis C; avoid drinking alcohol; follow a healthy diet and stay physically active, especially patients who are overweight i.
Pregnant Women and their Newborns Are pregnant women tested for hepatitis B? Hepatitis A. Hepatitis B. Hepatitis C. Hepatitis D. Hepatitis E. If you have only had the infection for a few weeks or months acute hepatitis B , you may only need treatment to relieve your symptoms while your body fights off the infection.
If you have had the infection for more than 6 months chronic hepatitis B , you may be offered treatment with medicines that can keep the virus under control and reduce the risk of liver damage. Chronic hepatitis B often requires long-term or lifelong treatment and regular monitoring to check for any further liver problems. The hepatitis B virus is found in the blood and bodily fluids, such as semen and vaginal fluids, of an infected person.
Hepatitis B is not spread by kissing, holding hands, hugging, coughing, sneezing or sharing crockery and utensils. A vaccine that offers protection against hepatitis B is routinely available for all babies born in the UK. It's also available for people at high risk of the infection or complications from it. Is sex the only way I can get infected with hepatitis B? The hepatitis B virus can be spread in the following ways: unprotected vaginal or anal sex living in a household with a person with chronic life-long HBV infection sharing personal care items such as toothbrushes, razors, or nail clippers mother passing the infection to her infant during birth sharing needles or paraphernalia works for illegal drug use tattooing or body piercing with unsterile equipment human bites You do not get hepatitis B from sneezing, coughing, kissing, or holding hands.
What are the symptoms of hepatitis B? Only about half of the people who are infected get symptoms. Symptoms might include: yellowing of skin and whites of eyes dark-colored urine loss of appetite or nausea bloated and tender belly extreme tiredness fever pain in joints How serious is infection with hepatitis B?
Do people fully recover? How do I protect myself from getting infected? Who should get hepatitis B vaccine? The following groups of people should get vaccinated against hepatitis B: Everyone 0—18 years of age Anyone who wants to be protected from this infection Sexually active people who are not in long-term, mutually monogamous relationships Men who have sex with men People seeking evaluation or treatment for a sexually transmitted disease Health care or public safety workers who might be exposed to blood or body fluids Residents and staff of facilities for developmentally disabled people Dialysis and pre-dialysis patients People infected with HIV People in close personal contact that is, household or sexual with someone who has chronic HBV infection Current or recent injection-drug users Travelers to regions of the world where hepatitis B is common Asia, Africa, the Amazon Basin in South America, the Pacific Islands, Eastern Europe, or the Middle East ; People with chronic liver disease Three shots will protect you from hepatitis B.
How do I know if I've already been infected? The only way to know if you've been infected is to have a blood test.
Should I get a blood test for hepatitis B before I get vaccinated?
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